Lesson 7.1 – Electric Current & Charge Flow (35 Prompts)

Foundation (1–10)

1. Define electric current.

2. State the SI unit of current.

3. Define electric charge.

4. Write I = Q/t.

5. Distinguish electron flow and conventional current.

6. Give example of current in daily life.

7. Define drift velocity.

8. State what a conductor is.

9. Identify direction of electron flow.

10. State unit of charge in coulombs.

Intermediate (11–23)

11. Calculate current from charge and time.

12. Explain why metals conduct electricity.

13. Distinguish conductors, semiconductors, insulators.

14. Write the drift velocity formula.

15. Interpret effect of cross-sectional area on current.

16. Compare free electron density in metals.

17. Explain microscopic view of current.

18. Derive relation I = nAve.

19. Calculate drift velocity from current.

20. Sketch current vs time graph.

21. Solve multi-step charge flow problem.

22. Analyze effect of temperature on current.

23. Explain resistance to electron motion.

Advanced (24–35)

24. Model drift velocity changes under heating.

25. Compare conduction in metals vs electrolytes.

26. Evaluate electron scattering events.

27. Derive current density J = I/A.

28. Analyze current in non-uniform wires.

29. Solve microscopic conduction model problem.

30. Compare DC and AC current microscopically.

31. Evaluate behaviour at very low temperatures.

32. Analyze electron mobility.

33. Model conduction using kinetic theory.

34. Discuss quantum effects on conduction.

35. Apply current principles in microelectronics.

Lesson 7.2 – Ohm’s Law, Resistance & Resistivity (35 Prompts)

Foundation (1–10)

1. State Ohm’s law.

2. Define resistance.

3. Write R = V/I.

4. Identify ohmic conductor.

5. Identify non-ohmic conductor.

6. State SI unit of resistance.

7. Draw simple I–V graph.

8. Define resistivity.

9. Write R = ρL/A.

10. Define conductivity.

Intermediate (11–23)

11. Calculate resistance using Ohm’s law.

12. Sketch I–V characteristics of filament lamp.

13. Compare ohmic and non-ohmic devices.

14. Solve resistivity problem.

15. Analyze temperature dependence of resistance.

16. Explain superconductivity qualitatively.

17. Solve for resistivity change with temperature.

18. Derive conditions for ohmic behaviour.

19. Compare materials with different resistivity.

20. Solve multi-step R = ρL/A problem.

21. Sketch resistivity vs temperature graph.

22. Interpret material conductivity.

23. Model temperature coefficient of resistance.

Advanced (24–35)

24. Derive microscopic model of resistance.

25. Solve advanced temperature coefficient problem.

26. Analyze electron scattering as cause of resistance.

27. Evaluate superconductivity conditions.

28. Solve multilayer resistivity problem.

29. Use calculus to model variable resistivity.

30. Compare semiconductor and metal resistivity.

31. Analyze R–T graph for alloy.

32. Solve theoretical derivation for Ohm’s law.

33. Model conductivity in doped semiconductors.

34. Evaluate resistivity in nanoscale conductors.

35. Apply resistivity to engineering design.

Lesson 7.3 – EMF, Internal Resistance & Cells (35 Prompts)

Foundation (1–10)

1. Define EMF.

2. Define terminal voltage.

3. State V = E − Ir.

4. Define internal resistance.

5. Give example of a cell.

6. Distinguish EMF and PD.

7. Identify series of cells.

8. Identify parallel cells.

9. Define short circuit.

10. Draw symbol of a cell.

Intermediate (11–23)

11. Solve terminal voltage problem.

12. Sketch V–I graph for cell.

13. Calculate internal resistance.

14. Compare EMF for cells in series/parallel.

15. Solve multi-cell combination problem.

16. Interpret slope of V–I graph.

17. Analyze load resistance effect.

18. Determine maximum current cell can deliver.

19. Calculate power delivered by cell.

20. Draw circuit with cells + resistor.

21. Explain lost volts.

22. Compare ideal and real cell.

23. Discuss factors affecting internal resistance.

Advanced (24–35)

24. Derive V = E − Ir using energy principles.

25. Solve multi-loop cell-circuit.

26. Analyze cell behaviour under heavy load.

27. Model internal resistance change with temperature.

28. Solve series-parallel cell networks.

29. Evaluate efficiency of cell.

30. Model battery discharge curve.

31. Analyze EMF from electrochemistry.

32. Solve large-scale power supply problems.

33. Explain polarization in cells.

34. Compare primary vs secondary cells.

35. Apply EMF concepts in power systems.

Lesson 7.4 – Series & Parallel Circuits (35 Prompts)

Foundation (1–10)

1. Define series circuit.

2. Define parallel circuit.

3. Write formula for total resistance in series.

4. Write formula for parallel resistance.

5. Give example of series use.

6. Give example of parallel use.

7. Identify shared current or voltage.

8. Draw simple series circuit.

9. Draw simple parallel circuit.

10. Identify total current paths.

Intermediate (11–23)

11. Solve series resistance problem.

12. Solve parallel resistance problem.

13. Analyze mixed circuits.

14. Determine current in each branch.

15. Calculate voltage across each resistor.

16. Interpret brightness of bulbs in circuits.

17. Draw current flow diagram.

18. Solve power distribution.

19. Analyze effect of removing one resistor.

20. Sketch equivalent circuit.

21. Distinguish current divider and voltage divider.

22. Solve circuit with multiple resistors.

23. Evaluate effect of internal resistance in circuit.

Advanced (24–35)

24. Solve complex multi-loop circuit.

25. Analyze circuit using equivalent resistance.

26. Evaluate voltage distribution with Kirchhoff laws.

27. Model non-linear resistor network.

28. Solve parallel network using calculus (conceptual).

29. Analyze dynamic loading in circuits.

30. Evaluate maximum power transfer.

31. Solve circuits with temperature-dependent resistors.

32. Model failure point in circuit.

33. Analyze circuits using nodal analysis.

34. Compare real and ideal circuit behaviour.

35. Solve large-scale circuit reduction.

Lesson 7.5 – Kirchhoff’s Laws (35 Prompts)

Foundation (1–10)

1. State Kirchhoff’s Current Law.

2. State Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law.

3. Define junction.

4. Define loop.

5. Identify closed circuit.

6. Give example of using KCL.

7. Give example of using KVL.

8. Draw simple loop.

9. Identify currents entering junction.

10. Identify currents leaving junction.

Intermediate (11–23)

11. Apply KCL in simple junction.

12. Apply KVL in basic loop.

13. Solve 2-loop simultaneous equations.

14. Analyze direction of current.

15. Sketch labeled circuit with currents.

16. Determine unknown voltage.

17. Determine unknown currents.

18. Solve mesh analysis.

19. Solve node analysis.

20. Use sign convention correctly.

21. Interpret circuit with power sources.

22. Analyze effect of reversing battery.

23. Evaluate measurement errors.

Advanced (24–35)

24. Solve 3-loop complex circuit.

25. Determine power in each element.

26. Analyze Wheatstone bridge with Kirchhoff’s laws.

27. Model dependent sources.

28. Solve circuits with multiple supplies.

29. Evaluate loop currents using matrix method.

30. Solve nodal equations with calculus (conceptual).

31. Analyze AC Kirchhoff problems qualitatively.

32. Evaluate effect of internal resistance.

33. Model circuit faults.

34. Evaluate error due to non-ideal meters.

35. Solve advanced Kirchhoff network pr