Lesson Focus

This lesson is about understanding and giving instructions and commands (imperatives). It also covers formal letter writing (complaints and replies) and using punctuation like the exclamation mark.

Key Vocabulary to Master

• Instructional Verbs: hurry up, get on, sit down, look into, sign off, place, write, use.

• Formal Letter Language: bring to your attention, residents of this area, risk of spread of diseases, look into this matter, Yours faithfully.

Grammar Focuses

1. Imperatives: These are commands or instructions. The base form of the verb is used (e.g., "Go to platform No. 01," "Don't put your head out").

2. Adverbs: Words that describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Many are formed by adding "-ly" to an adjective.

• Examples: The bags were thrown away carelessly. Open the door slowly.

1. Exclamation Mark (!): Used to show strong feeling, surprise, or a command.

• Examples: Good morning! | Wonderful! | No way!

Important Points for the O/L Exam

• Paper I (Writing): Writing a formal letter (e.g., a letter of complaint to a local authority) is a very common O/L question. You might also be asked to write a set of instructions.

• Paper I (Grammar): You will definitely be tested on adverbs (e.g., "fill in the blank with the correct form of the word"). Punctuation is also tested.

• Paper II (Reading): You may need to read and understand a notice or a set of instructions to answer questions.

Tips & Tricks for Studying

1. Instruction Writing: Choose a simple task (like making a cup of tea or planting a seed) and write down the steps as a list of instructions using imperatives.

2. Formal Letter Template: Memorize the layout of a formal letter: your address, the date, the recipient's address, salutation (Dear Sir/Madam), body, closing (Yours faithfully), and your name.

Adverb Conversion: Make a list of adjectives (e.g., careful, quick, happy) and practice converting them into adverbs (carefully, quickly, happily) and using them in sentences.