Lesson Focus

This unit explores different ways to learn and enjoy English, as well as different types of stories like fables, myths, and folk tales. The key is to understand the structure and moral/message of a story. It also introduces data interpretation through bar charts and Venn diagrams.

Key Vocabulary to Master

• Learning Skills: expand vocabulary, learn spelling, grammatical structures, pronunciation, build confidence.

• Story Types: fable (short story with a moral, often with animals), myth (ancient story, often with gods and supernatural events), folk tale (traditional story passed on orally).

• Literary Terms: moral, character, message, proverb, theme.

Grammar Focus: Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Used for an action that started in the past and is still continuing now, or has just recently stopped.

• Structure: has/have + been + verb-ing

• Example: "We have been travelling together until now."

• Example: "She has been studying all day." (This implies she is tired now).

Important Points for the O/L Exam

• Paper II (Reading): You will be given a story (like a fable or folk tale) or a poem and asked comprehension questions. A key skill is to identify the main idea or moral of the story.

• Paper I (Writing): You might be asked to write your own short story or to continue a given story.

• Paper I (Data Interpretation): Interpreting a bar chart or Venn diagram and writing a description is a very common question, as seen in this unit.

• Paper I (Grammar): The Present Perfect Continuous tense is often tested in fill-in-the-blanks or sentence completion questions.

Tips & Tricks for Studying

1. Read and Summarize: Find a short fable online. Write down the characters, the main events, and the moral of the story in one sentence.

2. Tense Comparison: Write two sentences to see the difference between Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous.

• "I have read the book." (Action is complete).

• "I have been reading the book for two hours." (Action is ongoing or just finished).

Chart Description Practice: Find a chart or graph in a newspaper. Write a short paragraph describing the key information it presents. Use phrases like "the majority of," "the least popular," "an equal number."