Level 1 — Basic Recall (1–10)

1. What is an amine?

2. Give the general formula for a primary amine.

3. Name the functional group present in amines.

4. What is the structure of ammonia?

5. What is an aromatic amine?

6. Define a diazonium salt.

7. What temperature is required for diazotization?

8. Name the reagent used to convert aniline to a diazonium salt.

9. What is an azo dye?

10. Give the formula of the diazonium ion.

Level 2 — Understanding (11–20)

11. Explain why amines behave as bases.

12. Compare aliphatic and aromatic amines.

13. Describe how a primary amine reacts with hydrochloric acid.

14. Why are aryl amines weaker bases than alkyl amines?

15. Explain why diazonium salts are unstable at room temperature.

16. Describe the coupling reaction that forms azo dyes.

17. Explain the colour of azo dyes based on conjugation.

18. Distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary amines.

19. Why do amines have distinctive “fishy” smells?

20. Define nitrosation.

Level 3 — Application (21–30)

21. Write the equation for methylamine + HCl.

22. Predict whether phenylamine will dissolve in water.

23. Identify if CH₃CH₂NHCH₃ is 1°, 2°, or 3° amine.

24. Write the reaction: aniline + HNO₂ + HCl (0–5°C).

25. Predict whether aniline can undergo diazotization at 30°C.

26. Write the product of azo coupling of diazonium salt with phenol.

27. Predict the product of reaction between ammonia and CH₃Cl.

28. Identify the reaction type: R–NH₂ + HNO₂ (cold).

29. Write the reaction: benzene diazonium chloride + CuCl (Sandmeyer).

30. Predict the product of nitrosation of a secondary amine.

Level 4 — Analysis (31–40)

31. Compare basicity of NH₃, CH₃NH₂, and C₆H₅NH₂.

32. Explain why electron-donating groups increase amine basicity.

33. Explain why nitro groups reduce the basicity of amines.

34. Analyse resonance in phenylamine.

35. Compare stability of aliphatic vs aromatic diazonium salts.

36. Explain why azo coupling occurs at the para position of phenol.

37. Predict coupling position in aniline and justify.

38. Compare nucleophilicity of amines with alcohols.

39. Discuss why tertiary amines do not form diazonium salts.

40. Analyse the mechanism of electrophilic substitution in azo coupling.

Level 5 — Exam/Challenge (41–50)

41. Explain the mechanism of diazotization for aniline.

42. Predict major products for diazonium salt reactions with CuCl, KI, H₃PO₂.

43. Discuss how substituents on the aromatic ring affect azo dye colour.

44. Analyse hybridization of nitrogen in amines and diazonium salts.

45. Predict the outcome of reacting aniline with nitrous acid under warm conditions.

46. Explain why azo dyes are highly coloured using molecular orbital theory.

47. Compare SN1/SN2 behaviour of alkyl amines with alkyl halides.

48. Evaluate the industrial importance of diazonium salts.

49. Predict structures and colours for a coupling reaction with N,N-dimethylaniline.

Explain purification difficulties for aromatic amines due to hydrogen bonding and resonance.