Digestion: Name the three main types of food macromolecules and their respective final digested end products.

Digestion: Describe the role of bile in the digestion of lipids. Where is it produced and where is it stored?

Digestion: Gastritis is a common digestive disorder. List three lifestyle factors that can contribute to it.

Respiration: Differentiate between external respiration (breathing) and cellular respiration.

Respiration: Write the balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration.

Respiration: Name the main energy-carrying molecule in cells and list two processes in the body that require its energy.

Excretion: Define excretion and name the three main excretory organs in the human body.

Excretion: Briefly explain the process of ultrafiltration in the nephron. Where does it occur?

Circulation: Name the four chambers of the human heart. Which chamber has the thickest muscular wall and why?

Circulation: Explain the difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation in the human double circulatory system.

Circulation: A person's blood pressure is recorded as 120/80 mmHg. What do the systolic (120) and diastolic (80) pressures represent?

Coordination: What is a reflex arc, and what are its three main neuron components?

Coordination: Name the three main parts of the human brain and state one primary function for each.

Coordination: Differentiate between nervous coordination and chemical (endocrine) coordination in terms of speed and duration of the response.

Homeostasis: Define homeostasis and briefly explain how the hormones insulin and glucagon work together to regulate blood glucose levels.