What is the difference between a homozygous and a heterozygous genotype?

In pea plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). What would be the phenotype of a plant with the genotype Tt?

Use a Punnett square to determine the probability of having a short offspring from a cross between two heterozygous tall pea plants (Tt x Tt).

What are the sex chromosomes for a human male and a human female?

Who was Gregor Mendel, and why is he called the "father of genetics"?

Define a gene.

Colour blindness is a sex-linked recessive trait (Xᶜ). A carrier female (XᶜX) has a child with a normal male (XY). What is the probability that their son will be colour blind?

What is a gene mutation?

Differentiate between a chromosome and a gene.

What is meant by a "dominant" allele?

If a person has the genotype IᴬIᴮ for blood type, what is their phenotype? What is this pattern of inheritance called?

What is genetic engineering?

How many chromosomes are in a normal human body cell?

Explain why marriages between close blood relatives are discouraged from a genetic perspective.