Introduction: This is an application of percentages. The key is to read the question carefully and identify what is being asked: dividend income, capital gain, or total profit. Always break down complex problems into 'buying', 'earning', and 'selling' stages.

The "S Pass" Foundation (නියත S එකකට)

• Prompt 1 (Define): What is a 'dividend'? How is it different from a 'capital gain'?

• Prompt 2 (Calculate): An investor buys 500 shares at a market price of Rs. 30 per share. How much was invested?

• Prompt 3 (Calculate): A company pays an annual dividend of Rs. 4 per share. If you own 1,200 shares, what is your annual dividend income?

• Prompt 4 (Calculate): You invest Rs. 60,000 to buy shares that have a market price of Rs. 40 each. How many shares do you buy?

• Prompt 5 (Calculate): You buy a share for Rs. 50 and sell it for Rs. 58. What is your capital gain per share?

Climbing to a "C" (C එකට පාර)

• Prompt 1 (Problem Solve): Kumar buys 2,000 shares at Rs. 25 per share. The company pays a Rs. 2.50 dividend per share. What is his annual dividend income as a percentage of his investment?

• Prompt 2 (Problem Solve): Fathima buys 800 shares at Rs. 50 each. A year later, she sells all her shares for Rs. 44,000. Calculate her total capital gain or loss.

• Prompt 3 (Working Backwards): An investor's annual dividend income from a company is Rs. 9,000. If the company pays a dividend of Rs. 3 per share, how many shares does the investor own?

• Prompt 4 (Problem Solve): An investor buys 1,500 shares at Rs. 40. After receiving a dividend of Rs. 4 per share for one year, he sells all the shares at Rs. 45 each. What is his total profit from the investment?

• Prompt 5 (Compare): A person has Rs. 100,000. Investment A is buying shares at Rs. 50 (dividend Rs. 4). Investment B is depositing the money in a bank at 9% simple interest. Which option gives a higher annual income?

Aiming for a "B" (B ඉලක්කය)

• Prompt 1 (Multi-step): Janith invests Rs. 48,000 in shares at Rs. 32 each. The company pays a 10% dividend based on the market value of the shares (i.e., Rs. 3.20 per share). After a year, he sells the shares when the price has increased by 25%. Calculate his total profit.

• Prompt 2 (Problem Solve): A person sells 2,000 shares of Company X at Rs. 60 per share (dividend Rs. 5). He invests the entire proceeds in Company Y at Rs. 40 per share (dividend Rs. 4). Calculate the change in his annual dividend income.

• Prompt 3 (Explain): An investor says, "My capital gain was 30%". If he bought the shares at Rs. 50, what was the selling price?

• Prompt 4 (Problem Solve): Mr. Perera invests an equal amount of money in two companies. Company A shares cost Rs. 20 and pay Rs. 2 dividend. Company B shares cost Rs. 25 and pay Rs. 3 dividend. Which company gives a better percentage return on the investment?

• Prompt 5 (Justify): A company's share price is Rs. 80. It pays an annual dividend of Rs. 6. Is it more profitable to invest in this company or in a fixed deposit that pays 8% annual interest? Justify your answer with calculations.

Securing the "A" Distinction (A සාමාර්ථය තහවුරු කරගන්න)

• Prompt 1 (Challenge): An investor bought a certain number of shares at Rs. 40 each. The company paid a dividend of Rs. 5 per share. He then sold all the shares, making a total capital gain of Rs. 16,000. If his total profit (dividends + capital gain) was Rs. 24,000, find the number of shares he bought and the price at which he sold each share.

• Prompt 2 (Derive): A person invests Rs. X to buy 'n' shares at a market price of Rs. 'p'. The company pays a dividend of Rs. 'd' per share. He sells all the shares at a market price of Rs. 'q'. Write a single algebraic expression for his total profit as a percentage of his initial investment.

• Prompt 3 (Multi-step): An investor has Rs. 72,000. He invests a part of it in Company A at Rs. 30 per share (dividend Rs. 2) and the rest in Company B at Rs. 40 per share (dividend Rs. 3). If his total annual dividend income is Rs. 5,000, how much did he invest in each company?

• Prompt 4 (Analysis): A person buys 1000 shares. The market price fluctuates. He sells 400 shares when the price is Rs. 50, making a capital gain of Rs. 4 per share. He sells the remaining 600 shares when the price is Rs. 42. What was his average purchase price per share?

• Prompt 5 (Synthesis): An investor takes a loan of Rs. 100,000 at 12% simple interest for one year. He immediately invests it in shares at Rs. 50 per share. The company pays an annual dividend of Rs. 6 per share. At the end of the year, he sells all the shares at Rs. 55 each and repays the loan with interest. Calculate his net profit or loss.